{"id":12734,"date":"2022-09-27T16:27:20","date_gmt":"2022-09-27T14:27:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/?p=12734"},"modified":"2025-02-18T20:04:19","modified_gmt":"2025-02-18T19:04:19","slug":"galles-du-chene","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/galles-du-chene\/","title":{"rendered":"Galles du ch\u00eane"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>CYNIPIDAE<\/p>\n<p>Excroissances induites par la piq&ucirc;re d&rsquo;un insecte <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;hym&eacute;nopt&egrave;re&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;insecte pourvu de quatre ailes, &agrave; m&eacute;tamorphose compl&egrave;te, comprenant abeilles, gu&ecirc;pes, fourmis... (du grec &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;hym&ecirc;n&amp;lt;\/em&amp;gt;=membrane, &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;pteron&amp;lt;\/em&amp;gt;=aile)&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/glossary\/hymenoptere\/\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>hym&eacute;nopt&egrave;re<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Les ch&ecirc;nes abritent de tr&egrave;s nombreuses esp&egrave;ces. Parmi les plus ais&eacute;es &agrave; rep&eacute;rer et identifier, figurent les galles abritant des larves de petits hym&eacute;nopt&egrave;res (quelques millim&egrave;tres), qui forment la famille des &laquo;&nbsp;gu&ecirc;pes &agrave; galles. L&rsquo;insecte vient pondre sur l&rsquo;arbre (bourgeons, feuilles, fleurs ou glands), ce qui provoque une excroissance &agrave; partir des tissus du v&eacute;g&eacute;tal. Chaque galle abrite et nourrit une <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;larve&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;premier stade de d&eacute;veloppement de nombreux animaux apr&egrave;s l&amp;#039;&eacute;closion de l&amp;#039;&oelig;uf&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/glossary\/larve\/\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>larve<\/a>. En effet les tissus de la galle sont riches en prot&eacute;ines et m&eacute;tabolites. La <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;larve&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;premier stade de d&eacute;veloppement de nombreux animaux apr&egrave;s l&amp;#039;&eacute;closion de l&amp;#039;&oelig;uf&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/glossary\/larve\/\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>larve<\/a> se transforme en chrysalide &agrave; l&rsquo;abri de la galle. Arriv&eacute;e &agrave; terme, la galle tombe au sol puis l&rsquo;insecte la perce pour se lib&eacute;rer.<\/p>\n<p>Le cycle de vie de ces insectes est assez complexe s&rsquo;&eacute;talant souvent sur deux ann&eacute;es. Une premi&egrave;re galle, naissant au cours de l&rsquo;&eacute;t&eacute;, donne naissance &agrave; la fin de l&rsquo;hiver ou au d&eacute;but du printemps, &agrave; un insecte femelle asexu&eacute;. Cette femelle pond &agrave; son tour des &oelig;ufs, provoquant la naissance de nouvelles galles, de forme diff&eacute;rente, d&rsquo;o&ugrave; &eacute;mergent, au cours du printemps, des insectes sexu&eacute;s. Apr&egrave;s l&rsquo;accouplement de ces derniers, les femelles pondent sur le ch&ecirc;ne au cours de l&rsquo;&eacute;t&eacute; provoquant la naissance de nouvelles galles. Un nouveau cycle a commenc&eacute;.<\/p>\n<p>Il semble que les d&eacute;g&acirc;ts provoqu&eacute;s par ces galles sur le ch&ecirc;ne soient insignifiants.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Cynips des galles-cerises du ch&ecirc;ne<\/span> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>Cynips quercusfolii<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_12735\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Cynips_quercusfolii_2022-09-23_IMGP5607.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12735\" class=\"wp-image-12735 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Cynips_quercusfolii_2022-09-23_IMGP5607-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Cynips_quercusfolii_2022-09-23_IMGP5607-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Cynips_quercusfolii_2022-09-23_IMGP5607-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Cynips_quercusfolii_2022-09-23_IMGP5607-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Cynips_quercusfolii_2022-09-23_IMGP5607.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\"\/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-12735\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">23\/09\/2022<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>C&rsquo;est une galle sph&eacute;rique &agrave; la surface inf&eacute;rieure des feuilles de ch&ecirc;ne. Elle passe du vert p&acirc;le au rouge au cours de son d&eacute;veloppement.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">____________________________<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Cynips galle-groseille&nbsp; <\/span><\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">ou<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"> Cynips galle-lentille<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 16px;\"><strong>provoquant la Galle lenticulaire du ch&ecirc;ne<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>Neuroterus quercusbaccarum<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Au printemps, cet insecte provoque des galles sph&eacute;riques &agrave; l&rsquo;allure de groseilles sur les inflorescences m&acirc;les du ch&ecirc;ne. En &eacute;t&eacute;, les nouvelles galles ont une allure de lentilles et on les trouve sur la face inf&eacute;rieure des feuilles.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 33%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id=\"gallery-1\" class=\"gallery galleryid-12734 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail\"><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus-quercus-baccarum_2022-09-02_IMGP4223.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus-quercus-baccarum_2022-09-02_IMGP4223-200x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"02\/09\/2022\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-12736\"\/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-1-12736\">\n\t\t\t\t02\/09\/2022\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_quercusbaccarum_2022-09-23_IMGP5723.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_quercusbaccarum_2022-09-23_IMGP5723-200x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"23\/09\/2022\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-12737\"\/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-1-12737\">\n\t\t\t\t23\/09\/2022\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl>\n\t\t\t<br style=\"clear: both\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">___________________________<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><em><strong>Neuroterus numismalis<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Galles en boutons de gu&ecirc;tre<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_12738\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_numismalis_2022-09-02_IMGP4233.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12738\" class=\"wp-image-12738 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_numismalis_2022-09-02_IMGP4233-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_numismalis_2022-09-02_IMGP4233-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_numismalis_2022-09-02_IMGP4233-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_numismalis_2022-09-02_IMGP4233-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_numismalis_2022-09-02_IMGP4233.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\"\/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-12738\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">02\/09\/2022<\/p><\/div>\n<p>____________________________<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Galle en disque du ch&ecirc;ne<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Neuroterus albipes<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 33%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id=\"gallery-2\" class=\"gallery galleryid-12734 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail\"><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_albipes_2022-08-24_IMGP3156.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_albipes_2022-08-24_IMGP3156-200x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-12739\"\/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-2-12739\">\n\t\t\t\t24\/08\/2022\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_albipes_2022-09-02_IMGP4227.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_albipes_2022-09-02_IMGP4227-200x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-12740\"\/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-2-12740\">\n\t\t\t\t02\/09\/2022\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_albipes_2022-09-23_IMGP5726.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Neuroterus_albipes_2022-09-23_IMGP5726-200x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-12741\"\/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-2-12741\">\n\t\t\t\t23\/09\/2022\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>La galle induite par la ponte des femelles sexu&eacute;es au cours de l&rsquo;&eacute;t&eacute; est charnue, glabre, en forme de disque au bord relev&eacute;, et souvent pinc&eacute;. Blanc cr&egrave;me &agrave; rouge&acirc;tre, elle est souvent plac&eacute;e pr&egrave;s d&rsquo;une nervure sur la face inf&eacute;rieure de la feuille de ch&ecirc;ne.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CYNIPIDAE Excroissances induites par la piq&ucirc;re d&rsquo;un insecte <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;hym&eacute;nopt&egrave;re&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;insecte pourvu de quatre ailes, &agrave; m&eacute;tamorphose compl&egrave;te, comprenant abeilles, gu&ecirc;pes, fourmis... (du grec &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;hym&ecirc;n&amp;lt;\/em&amp;gt;=membrane, &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;pteron&amp;lt;\/em&amp;gt;=aile)&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/glossary\/hymenoptere\/\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">hym&eacute;nopt&egrave;re<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12736,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[14,15,22],"class_list":["post-12734","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hymenopteres","tag-08_aout","tag-09_septembre","tag-10_octobre"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12734","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12734"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12734\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16367,"href":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12734\/revisions\/16367"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12736"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12734"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12734"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lorry-mardigny-patrimoine.fr\/pelouse12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12734"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}